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4.4                                          Analysis of Financial Statements—CBSE XII





                          Total Assets has the same meaning as in Total Assets to Debt Ratio.
                               Profit before Interest and Tax = Profit after Tax + Tax + Interest.
                       Shareholders’ Funds = Share Capital + Reserves and Surplus.
                                        Debt means Long-term Debts, i.e., Non-current Liabilities.   Capital Employed = Shareholders’ Funds + Long-term Debts.   Average Inventory  Opening Inventory + Closing Inventory  2    Trade Receivables means debtors plus bills receivable.  Provision for Doubtful Debts is not deducted.  Average Trade Receivables  (Opening Debtors + Opening Bills Receivable) +  btors + Closing Bills Receivable) (Closing Deb  2 Trade Payables means creditors plus




















                       Pure Ratio or %  Times  Pure Ratio  Times  =                    Times  Times  Times  Times





                       This ratio shows the extent to which total assets have been  financed by the proprietor. Higher the ratio, higher the  safety margin for unsecured lenders and creditors. This ratio shows how many times the interest charges are  covered by the profits available to pay interest. Higher the  ratio, more security for the lender is in respect of payment   of interest regularly. This ratio shows the amount of Long-term Debts in Capital  Employed. Low ratio means more






















                          Funds or  sets  beforeInterest andTax  Trade Receivables  Turnover Ratio  Credit Revenue from  AverageTradeReceivables      early payments.  of fixed assets.



                       Proprietary Ratio  Shareholders’  ’ =  Proprietors Funds or Equity  Total Ass  Interest Coverage Ratio  Profit  Interest on Long-term Debt  Debt to Capital Employed Ratio  Long-term Debt = Capital Employed   Inventory Turnover Ratio  Cost of Revenue from  Operations  Average Inventory  Operations   Trade Payables Turnover Ratio  NetCreditPurchases  AverageTradePayables  Working Capital Turnover Ratio  =  Revenuefrom Operations  WorkingCapital  Fixed Assets Turn





                       3.      4.       5.          1.   =      2.   =      3.   =      4.      5.   =
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