Page 60 - IPP-11

MARK I COMPUTER

• Howard Aiken of Harvard University in USA joined
hands with IBM.
• He developed a computer named Mark I in 1943.

• It could perform mathematical operations very fast.
• It could perform one operation per second.

ENIAC

• The first electronic computer, ENIAC was developed
in 1946 by a team led by Professor Eckert and
Mauchly at the University of Pennsylvania in USA.

• Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer
(ENIAC) was very huge and very fast.

• It could solve 5000 operations per second.

INTEL 8080 PROCESSOR

• In 1974, the Intel 8080 processor was introduced. It
became the basis for the first personal computers.

• It was based on John von Neumann Architecture, which
is based on “Stored Program Concept”.
What is von Neumann Architecture

According to von Neumann architecture, the
processor executes instructions stored in the
memory of the computer. Since there is only one
communication channel, the processor at a time Program
Communication +
can either fetch data or an instruction. This means
Channel Data
that at any given point of time, either the data or
an instruction can be picked (fetched) from the
Processor
storage unit for execution by the processor. Hence,
Storage (Memory)
execution takes place in a sequential manner.
This limitation of von Neumann computer is known as von Neumann bottleneck. EDVAC Computer System (Additions)
(Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer) was the first stored program computer
developed in 1952. After the invention of the first electronic computer ENIAC, the computer
technology improved at a very fast pace.

1.10 MECHANISM OF DATA CAPTURE, STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL

It refers to interconnection of the above discussed devices and their working in conjunction
with each other. To process the data, we need to first input or capture the data. This is followed
by its storage in a file or a database so that it can be retrieved in the future. Whenever data
is to be processed, it is first retrieved from the file/database so that we can perform further
actions on it.
1.3