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7. Define the term big data. Which all activities can contribute to big data?
Ans. Big data is a term used to describe a collection of data that is huge in volume and still growing exponentially.
In short, such data is so large and complex that none of the traditional data management tools are able
to store it or process it efficiently. The activities such as social messaging and posts, instant messages
and chats, photographs that we share through various sites, our tweets, blogs, news items, opinion polls
and their comments, audio/video chats, etc. contribute to big data.
8. Explain the types of Grids.
Ans. Grid can be of two types—(i) Data grid, used to manage large and distributed data having the required
multi-user access, and (ii) CPU or Processor grid, where processing is moved from one PC to another as
needed or a large task is divided into subtasks, and allotted to various nodes for parallel processing.
9. Name some areas where the concept of block chain technology can be useful.
Ans. Few areas of block chain technology are:
(i) Payment processing and money transfers (ii) Monitor supply chains
(iii) Digital IDs (iv) Data sharing
(v) Copyright and royalty protection (vi) Digital voting
(vii) Medical recordkeeping (viii) Managing Internet of Things (IoT) networks
10. Explain the areas where Natural Language Processing (NLP) is used extensively.
Ans. Natural Language Processing is the driving force behind the following common applications:
• Language translation applications such as Google Translate
• Word Processors such as Microsoft Word employ NLP to check grammatical accuracy of texts.
• Interactive Voice Response (IVR) applications used in call centres to respond to certain user requests.
• Personal assistant applications such as OKGoogle, Siri and Alexa.

UNSOLVED QUESTIONS

1. Explain the significance of Artificial Intelligence in today’s world.
2. What do you understand by Internet of Things? List some of its potential applications.
Supplement – Informatics Practices with Python–XI
3. Write a short note on the following:
(a) Cloud Computing (b) Big data and its characteristics
4. Explain the following along with their applications:
(a) Artificial Intelligence (b) Machine Learning
5. Differentiate between Cloud Computing and Grid Computing with suitable examples.
6. Bharat Infrastructures (P) Ltd, interested in cloud computing, is looking for a provider who offers a set of
basic services such as virtual server provisioning and on-demand storage that can be combined into a
platform for deploying and running customized applications. What type of cloud computing model fits
the following requirements?
• Platform as a Service
• Software as a Service
• Infrastructure as a Service
7. How are IoT and WoT related?
8. Home automation is a salient feature of IoT. Explain.
9. What is on-demand service? How is it provided in cloud computing?
10. If a Regional Engineering College plans to make a smart school by applying IoT concepts, how can each
of the following be implemented in order to transform a school into an IoT-enabled smart school?
• e-textbooks
• Smart boards
• Online tests
• Wi-fi sensors on classroom doors
• Sensors in buses to monitor their location
• Wearables (watches or smart belts) for attendance monitoring

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