Page 158 - PYTHON-12

• Internet: In the 1990’s, internet, which is a network of networks, came into existence.The
internet has evolved from ARPANET. The computers are connected through World Wide Web
that comprises a large network and shares a common communication protocol (Transmission
Control Protocol-Internet Protocol, TCP/IP). It allows computers of different types to exchange
information and is known as internet. Millions of domestic, business and government networks
are connected with each other for the purpose of sharing files, data, email, etc. Most of the
computers are not connected directly to the internet. Instead, they are connected to smaller
networks which are further connected to a backbone network through gateways.
CTM: Network of networks makes the internet.

• Interspace: Interspace is a software that allows multiple users in a client-server environment
to communicate with each other by sending and receiving data of various types such as data
files, video, audio and textual data in a 3-D environment. It facilitates online real-time exchange
of data. Interspace is the most advanced term of communication available on the internet today.

8.4 HOW DOES INTERNET WORK

One of the greatest things about the internet is that nobody really owns it. It is a global collection of
networks, both big and small. These networks connect together in many different ways to form the
single entity that we know as internet. In fact, the very name comes from this idea of interconnected
networks.

Since its beginning in 1969, the internet has grown from four host computer systems to tens of
millions. However, just because nobody owns the internet does not mean that it is not monitored
and maintained in different ways. The Internet Society, a non-profit group established in 1992,
oversees the formation of the policies and protocols that define how we use and interact with the
internet.

Computer Science with Python–XII 8.4 Before we learn about the basic underlying structure of the internet, e.g., domain name servers,

Fig. 8.4(a): Working of the Internet

network access points and backbones, we first need to understand how our computer connects to
others.