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to its recipient node, then the intermediate node regenerates the signal and passes the signal to
the destined node.

Fig. 8.22: Ring Topology

Token Ring is an example of ring topology.
Advantages of Ring Topology

(a) A central server is not required in ring topology as the data is passed between two nodes
which then pass through the entire network.

(b) The data is transmitted in one direction only and, hence, the transmission rate increases.
(c) The adding or removing of network nodes is easy as the process requires changing only two
connections.

(d) The configuration makes it easy to identify faults in network nodes.
(e) In this topology, each node transmits the data to its next node in a ring.

(f) It is relatively cheaper as compared to star topology.
Disadvantages of Ring Topology

(a) If there is a fault in a single node, it can cause the entire network to fail.

(b) The movement or changes made to network nodes affect the entire network’s performance.
(c) Transmission speed becomes slower with an increase in the number of nodes.

(d) If there is a fault or break in a cable to which all other nodes are connected, the entire
network shuts down.

(e) For proper communication between each node, it is required that each computer must be
turned on.
Computer Networks
CTM: In ring topology, each workstation is connected with the predecessor node as well as with the
successor node and, thus, forms a ring. Data is transmitted only in one direction.

8.21