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A domain name consists of the following parts.

1. Top-level domain name or primary domain name, and
2. Sub-domain name(s).
For example,

In the domain name cbse.nic.in:
in is the primary domain name
nic is the sub-domain of in
cbse is the sub-domain of nic.

The top-level domains are categorized into following domain names:
Generic Domain Names

·com - commercial business
·edu - Educational institutions
·gov - Government agencies
·mil - Military
·net - Network organizations
·org - Organizations (non-profit)
Country Specific Domain Names

.in - India
·au - Australia
·ca- Canada
.ch- China
.nz- New Zealand
.pk- Pakistan
.jp- Japan

.us - United States of America
8.30.6 URL

URL stands for uniform resource locator that helps in locating a particular website or a web page,
for example, http://www.cbse.nic.in/academics.html is a URL for a specific website. In this URL,
‘http’ stands for hypertext transfer protocol, and ‘www.cbse.nic.in’ indicates the IP address or the
domain name where the source is located. ‘academics.html’ specifies the name of the specified
html document on the website of CBSE.

CTM: URL stands for uniform resource locator that stores the address of a web page.
Computer Science with Python–XII 8.54 8.30.7 IP Address

The computers connected to a network also need to follow some rules to communicate with
each other. These sets of rules are known as protocols. Several types of protocols are used for
communication over networks. However, the most common one is the Transmission Control
Protocol/Internet Protocol or TCP/IP. A network using TCP/IP is known as a TCP/IP network. The
internet is an example of the TCP/IP network. Therefore, it becomes important that each device
should have a unique address to identify it on a TCP/IP network. This unique address is known as
IP address. IP address is short for Internet Protocol (IP) address. An IP address is an identifier for