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18. What is protocol? Name some commonly used protocols.
Ans. A protocol means the rules that are applicable for a network, or we can say the common set of rules used
for communication in network.
Different types of protocols are:
(a) HTTP: Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
(b) FTP: File Transfer Protocol
(c) SLIP: Serial Line Internet Protocol
(d) PPP: Point-to-Point Protocol
(e) TCP/IP: Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol
(f) SMTP: Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
(g) POP: Post Office Protocol
(h) IMAP: Internet Mail Access Protocol
19. What is TCP/IP?
Ans. TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) is a protocol for communication between
computers used as a standard for transmitting data over networks and is the basis for standard Internet
protocols. It is also responsible for assembling packets at the receiver’s side.
20. How is FTP different from HTTP?
Ans. FTP is a protocol used to upload files from a workstation to an FTP server or download files from an FTP
server to a workstation, whereas HTTP is a protocol used to transfer files from a Web server on to a
browser in order to view a web page that is on the internet.
21. Define Mobile Communication and Wireless Communication.
Ans. Mobile Communication essentially refers to a computing device that is not continuously connected to the
base or central network. This may include laptops, newly-created smartphones and also PDAs. Wireless
Communication is simply data communication without the use of a landline. This may involve a cellular
telephone, a two-way radio, a fixed wireless connection, a laser or satellite communication.
22. What is Mobile Processor?
Ans. Mobile Processors are required to run an operating system, be it desktop, laptop or mobile. They provide
necessary resources to start an operating system, run applications and do tasks.

23. Name any four popular mobile processors in the market.
Ans. Four popular mobile processors are Qualcomm Snapdragon, Apple’s Mobile Processors, HiSilicon and
Samsung Exynos.
24. What are the advantages of e-commerce applications?
Ans. The advantages of e-commerce applications include their round-the-clock availability, the speed of access,
the wide availability of goods and services for the consumer, easy accessibility, and international reach.
25. Define web browser and web server.
Ans. Web Browser: A web browser is a software which is used for displaying the content on web page(s).
It is used by the client to view websites. Examples of web browser—Google Chrome, Firefox, Internet
Explorer, Safari, Opera, etc.
Web Server: A web server is a software which entertains the request(s) made by a web browser. A web
server has different ports to handle different requests from web browser, like generally FTP request is
Computer Science with Python–XII 8.72 27. What is web hosting?
handled at Port 110 and HTTP request is handled at Port 80. Example of web server is Apache.
26. Differentiate between XML and HTML.
Ans. In HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language), both tag semantics and the tag set are fixed, whereas XML
(Extensible Markup Language) is a meta-language for describing markup languages. XML provides the
facility to define tags and the structural relationships between them. All the semantics of an XML
document will either be defined by the applications that process them or by style sheets.

Ans. Web hosting is a means of hosting web server applications on a computer system through which electronic
content on the internet is readily available to any web-browser client.