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(d) Veracity

Big data can be sometimes inconsistent, biased and noisy, or there can be abnormality in
the data or issues with the data collection methods. Veracity refers to the trustworthiness
of the data because processing such incorrect data can give wrong results or mislead
interpretations.
(e) Value

Big data is not only just a big pile of data but it also possesses hidden patterns and useful
knowledge which can be of high business value. But as big data processing involves
investment of resources, we should make a preliminary enquiry to see the potential of
the big data in terms of value recovery else our efforts could be in vain.

12.4 INTERNET OF THINGS (IoT) INTERNET OF THINGS

Internet of Things (IoT) is a system of
inter-related computing devices, mechanical
and digital machines, objects, people that are
provided with unique identifiers (UIDs) and
the ability to transfer data over a network
without requiring human-to-human or
human-to-computer interaction.
IoT makes the once “dumb” devices “smarter”
by giving them the ability to send data over the
internet, allowing the device to communicate
with people and other IoT-enabled things.
Supplement – Informatics Practices with Python–XI
The connected “smart home” is a good example
Fig. 12.11: Smart Homes—an IoT
of IOT in action. Internet-enabled thermostats,
doorbells, smoke detectors and security alarms create a connected hub where data is shared
between physical devices and users can remotely control the “things” in that hub (i.e., adjusting
temperature settings, unlocking doors, etc.) via a mobile app or a website.

12.4.1 Web of Things (WoT)

IoT allows us to interact with different devices through internet with the help of smartphones
or computers, thus creating a personal network. But to interact with ‘n’ number of different
devices, we need to install ‘n’ different apps. Wouldn’t it be convenient to have one interface to
connect all the devices? The web is already being used as a system to communicate with each
other. So, will it be possible to use the web in such a way that all things can communicate with
each other in the most efficient manner by integrating them? Web of Things (WoT) allows the
use of web services to connect anything in the physical world, besides human identities, on the
web. It paves the way for creating smart homes, smart offices, smart cities and so on.

12.4.2 Sensors

Sensors are sophisticated devices that are frequently used to detect and respond to electrical
or optical signals. A sensor converts the physical parameter (e.g., temperature, blood pressure,
humidity, speed, etc.) into a signal which can be measured electrically.

12.8